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A TREATY OF PEACE BETWEEN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE TRIBES OF
INDIANS CALLED THE WYANDOTS, DELAWARES,
SHAWANOES, OTTAWAS, CHIPEWAS, PUTAWATIMES,
MIAMIS,
EEL-RIVER, WEEAS, KICKAPOOS, PIANKASHAWS AND KASKASKIAS.
To put an end to a destructive war, to settle all
controversies, and to restore harmony and friendly intercourse between
the said United States and Indian tribes, Anthony Wayne, major general
commanding the army of the United States, and sole commissioner for the
good purposes above mentioned, and the said tribes of Indians, by their
sachems, chiefs, and warriors, met together at Greenville, the head
quarters of the said army, have agreed on the following articles, which,
when ratified by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate
of the United States, shall be binding on them and the said Indian
tribes.
ARTICLE I
Henceforth all hostilities shall cease; peace is
hereby established, and shall be perpetual; and a friendly intercourse
shall take place between the said United States and Indian
tribes.
ARTICLE II
All prisoners shall, on both sides, be restored. The
Indians, prisoners to the United
States, shall be immediately set at
liberty. The people of the United States, still remaining prisoners among
the Indians, shall be delivered up in ninety days from the date hereof,
to the general or commanding officer at Greeneville, Fort Wayne, or Fort
Defiance; and ten chiefs of the said tribes shall remain at Greeneville
as hostages, until the delivery of the prisoners shall be effected.
ARTICLE III
The general boundary line between the lands of the
United States and the lands of the said Indian tribes, shall begin at the
mouth of Cuyahoga river, and run thence up the same to the portage,
between that and the Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum, thence down that
branch to the crossing place above Fort Lawrence, thence westerly to a
fork of that branch of the Great Miami river, running into the Ohio, at
or near which fork stood Loromie's store, and where commences the portage
between the Miami of the Ohio, and St. Mary's river, which is a branch of
the Miami which runs into lake Erie; thence a westerly course to Fort
Recovery, which stands on a branch of the Wabash; thence south-westerly
in a direct line to the Ohio, so as to intersect that river opposite the
mouth of Kentucky or Cuttawa river. And in consideration of the peace now
established; of the goods formerly received from the United States; of
those now to be delivered; and of the yearly delivery of goods now
stipulated to be made hereafter; and to indemnify the United States for
the injuries and expenses they have sustained during the war, the said
Indian tribes do hereby cede and relinquish forever, all their claims to
the lands lying eastwardly and southwardly of the general boundary line
now described: and these lands, or any part of them, shall never
hereafter be made a cause or pretence, on the part of the said tribes, or
any of them, of war or injury to the United States, or any of the people
thereof. And for the same considerations, and as an evidence of the
returning friendship of the said Indian tribes, of their confidence in
the United States, and desire to provide for their accommodations, and
for that convenient intercourse which will be beneficial to both parties,
the said Indian tribes do also cede to the United States the following
pieces of land, to wit: (1) One piece of land six miles square, at or
near Laramie's store, before mentioned. (2) One piece two miles square,
at the head of the navigable water or landing, on the St. Mary's river,
near Girty's town. (3) One piece six miles square, at the head of the
navigable water of the Auglaize river. (4) One piece six miles square, at
the confluence of the Auglaize and Miami
rivers, where Fort
Defiance now
stands. (5) One piece six miles square, at or near the confluence of the
rivers St. Mary's and St. Joseph's, where Fort Wayne now
stands, or near it. (6) One piece two miles square, on the Wabash river,
at the end of the portage from the Miami
of the lake, and about eight miles westward from Fort Wayne. (7) One piece six miles
square, at the Ouatanon, or Old Wea towns, on the Wabash
river. (8) One piece twelve miles square, at the British fort on the Miami of the lake,
at the foot of the rapids. (9) One piece six miles square, at the mouth
of the said river, where it empties into the lake. (10) One piece six
miles square, upon Sandusky
lake, where a fort formerly stood. (11) One piece two miles square, at
the lower rapids of Sandusky
river. (12) The post of Detroit, and all the land to the north, the west
and the south of it, of which the Indian title has been extinguished by
gifts or grants to the French or English governments: and so much more
land to be annexed to the district of Detroit, as shall be comprehended
between the river Rosine, on the south, Lake St. Clair on the north, and
a line, the general course whereof shall be six miles distant from the
west end of lake Erie and Detroit river. (13) The post of
Michilimackinac, and all the land on the island on which that post
stands, and the main land adjacent, of which the Indian title has been
extinguished by gifts or grants to the French or English governments; and
a piece of land on the main to the north of the island, to measure six
miles, on Lake Huron, or the strait between lakes Huron and Michigan, and
to extend three miles back from the water of the lake or strait; and
also, the Island De Bois Blane, being an extra and voluntary gift of the
Chippewa nation. (14) One piece of land six miles square, at the mouth of
Chikagoriver, emptying into the southwest end of LakeMichigan, where a
fort formerly stood. (15) One piece twelve miles square, at or near the
mouth of the Illinois river, emptying into the Mississippi. (16) One piece six miles
square, at the old Piorias fort and village near the south end of the Illinois lake, on said Illinois
river. And whenever the United States shall think
proper to survey and mark the boundaries of the lands hereby ceded to
them, they shall give timely notice thereof to the said tribes of Indians,
that they may appoint some of their wise chiefs to attend and see that
the lines are run according to the terms of this treaty. And the said
Indian tribes will allow to the people of the United States a free
passage by land and by water, as one and the other shall be found
convenient, through their country, along the chain of posts herein-before
mentioned; that is to say, from the commencement of the portage
aforesaid, at or near Loromie's store, thence along said portage to the
St. Mary's, and down the same to fort Wayne, and then down the Miami, to
lake Erie; again, from the commencement of the portage at or near
Loromie's store along the portage from thence to the river Auglaize, and
down thesame to its junction with the Miami at fort Defiance; again, from
the commencement of the portage aforesaid, to Sandusky river, and down
the same to Sandusky bay and lake Erie, and from Sandusky to the post
which shall be taken at or near the foot of the Rapids of the Miami of
the lake; and from thence to Detroit. Again, from the mouth of Chikago,
to the commencement of the portage, between that river and the Illinois, and down the Illinois river to the Mississippi; also, from Fort
Wayne, along the portage aforesaid, which leads to the
Wabash, and then down the Wabash to the Ohio. And the said Indian tribes will
also allow to the people of the United States, the free use
of the harbors and mouths of rivers along the lakes adjoining the Indian
lands, for sheltering vessels and boats, and liberty to land their cargoes
where necessary for their safety.
ARTICLE IV
In consideration of the peace now established, and of
the cessions and relinquishment of lands made in the preceding article by
the said tribes of Indians, and to manifest the liberality of the United
States, as the great means of rendering this peace strong and perpetual,
the United States relinquish their claims to all other Indian lands
northward of the river Ohio, eastward of the Mississippi, and westward
and southward of the Great Lakes and the waters, uniting them, according
to the boundary line agreed on by the United States and the King of Great
Britain, in the treaty of peace made between them in the year 1783. But
from this relinquishment by the United States, the following
tracts of land are explicitly excepted: 1st. The tract on one hundred and
fifty thousand acres near the rapids of the river Ohio, which has been
assigned to General Clark, for the use of himself and his warriors. 2nd.
The post of St. Vincennes, on the River Wabash, and the lands adjacent,
of which the Indian title has been extinguished. 3rd. The lands at all
other places in possession of the French people and other white settlers
among them, of which the Indian title has been extinguished as mentioned
in the 3d article; and 4th. The post of fort
Massac towards the mouth of the Ohio. To which
several parcels of land so excepted, the said tribes relinquish all the
title and claim which they or any of them may have. And for the same
considerations and with the same views as above mentioned, the United
States now deliver to the said Indian tribes a quantity of goods to the
value of twenty thousand dollars, the receipt whereof they do hereby
acknowledge; and henceforward every year, forever, the United States will
deliver, at some convenient place northward of the river Ohio, like
useful goods, suited to the circumstances of the Indians, of the value of
nine thousand five hundred dollars; reckoning that value at the first
cost of the goods in the city or place in the United States where they
shall be procured. The tribes to which those goods are to be annually
delivered, and the proportions in which they are to be delivered, are the
following: 1st. To the Wyandots, the amount of one thousand dollars. 2nd.
To the Delawares, the amount of one thousand dollars. 3rd. To the
Shawanees, the amount of one thousand dollars. 4th. To the Miamis, the
amount of one thousand dollars. 5th. To the Ottawas, the amount of one
thousand dollars. 6th. To the Chippewas, the amount of one thousand
dollars. 7th. To the Pattawatimas, the amount of one thousand dollars,
and 8th. To the Kickapoo, Wea, Eel
River, Piankeshaw,
and Kaskaskia tribes, the amount of five hundred dollars each. Provided,
that if either of the said tribes shall hereafter, at an annual delivery
of their share of the goods aforesaid, desire that a part of their
annuity should be furnished in domestic animals, implements of husbandry,
and other utensils convenient for them, and in compensation to useful
artificers who may reside with or near them, and be employed for their
benefit, the same shall, at the subsequent annual deliveries, be
furnished accordingly.
ARTICLE V
To prevent any misunderstanding about the Indian lands
relinquished by the United States in the fourth article, it is now
explicitly declared, that the meaning of that relinquishment is this: the
Indian tribes who have a right to those lands, are quietly to enjoy them,
hunting, planting, and dwelling thereon, so long as they please, without
any molestation from the United States; but when those tribes, or any of
them, shall be disposed to sell their lands, or any part of them, they
are to be sold only to the United States; and until such sale, the United
States will protect all the said Indian tribes in the quiet enjoyment of
their lands against all citizens of the United States, and against all
other white persons who intrude upon the same. And the said Indian tribes
again acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the said United States,
and no other power whatever.
ARTICLE VI
If any citizen of the United States, or any other
white person or persons, shall presume to settle upon the lands now
relinquished by the United States, such citizen or other person shall be
out of the protection of the United States; and the Indian tribe, on
whose land the settlement shall be made, may drive off the settler, or
punish him in such manner as they shall think fit; and because such
settlements, made without the consent of the United States, will be
injurious to them as well as to the Indians, the United States shall be
at liberty to break them up, and remove and punish the settlers as they
shall think proper, and so effect that protection of the Indian lands
herein before stipulated.
ARTICLE VII
The said tribes of Indians, parties to this treaty,
shall be at liberty to hunt within the territory and lands which they
have now ceded to the United States,
without hindrance or molestation, so long as they demean themselves
peaceably, and offer no injury to the people of the United States.
ARTICLE VIII
Trade shall be opened with the said Indian tribes; and
they do hereby respectively engage to afford protection to such persons,
with their property, as shall be duly licensed to reside among them for
the purpose of trade; and to their agents and servants; but no person
shall be permitted to reside among them for the purpose of trade; and to
their agents and servants; but no person shall be permitted to reside at
any of their towns or hunting camps, as a trader, who is not furnished
with a license for that purpose, under the hand and seal of the
superintendent of the department northwest of the Ohio, or such other
person as the President of the United States shall authorize to grant
such licenses; to the end, that the said Indians may not be imposed on in
their trade. And if any licensed trader shall abuse his privilege by
unfair dealing, upon complaint and proof thereof, his license shall be
taken from him, and he shall be further punished according to the laws of
the United States.
And if any person shall intrude himself as a trader, without such
license, the said Indians shall take and bring him before the
superintendent, or his deputy, to be dealt with according to law. And to
prevent impositions by forged licenses, the said Indians shall, at lease
once a year, give information to the superintendent, or his deputies, on
the names of the traders residing among them.
ARTICLE IX
Lest the firm peace and friendship now established,
should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, the United
States, and the said Indian tribes agree, that for injuries done by
individuals on either side, no private revenge or retaliation shall take
place; but instead thereof, complaint shall be made by the party injured,
to the other: by the said Indian tribes or any of them, to the President
of theUnited States, or the superintendent by him appointed; and by the
superintendent or other person appointed by the President, to the
principal chiefs of the said Indian tribes, or of the tribe to which the
offender belongs; and such prudent measures shall then betaken as shall
be necessary to preserve the said peace and friendship unbroken, until
the legislature (or great council) of the United States, shall make other
equitable provision in the case, to the satisfaction of both parties.
Should any Indian tribes meditate a war against the United States,
or either of them, and the same shall come to the knowledge of the
before-mentioned tribes, or either of them, they do hereby engage to give
immediate notice thereof to thegeneral, or officer commanding the troops
of theUnited States, at the nearest post.
And should any tribe, with hostile intentions against
the United States, or either of them, attempt to pass through their
country, they will endeavor to prevent the same, and in like manner give
information of such attempt, to the general, or officer commanding, as
soon as possible, that all causes of mistrust and suspicion may be
avoided between them and the United States. In like manner, the United States
shall give notice to the said Indian tribes of any harm that maybe
meditated against them, or either of them, that shall come to their
knowledge; and do all in their power to hinder and prevent the same, that
the friendship between them may be uninterrupted.
ARTICLE X
All other treaties heretofore made between the United States, and the said Indian tribes,
or any of them, since the treaty of 1783, between theUnited
States and Great Britain,
that come within the purview of this treaty, shall henceforth cease and
become void.
In testimony whereof, the said Anthony Wayne, and the
sachems and war chiefs of the before-mentioned nations and tribes of
Indians, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their Seals.
Done at Greeneville, in the territory of the United States north-west of the river Ohio, on the third
Day of August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five.
WYANDOTS.
Tarhe, or Crane, his x mark L.S.
J. Williams, jun. his x mark, L.S.
Teyyaghtaw, his x mark, L.S.
Haroenyou, (or half king's son), his x mark, L.S.
Tehaawtorens, his x mark, L.S.
Awmeyeeray, his x mark, L.S.
Stayetah, his x mark L.S.
Shateyyaronyah, or (Leather Lips), his x mark, L.S.
Daughshuttayah, his x mark L.S.
Shaawrunthe, his x mark L.S.
DELAWARES.
Tetabokshke, (or Grand Glaize King), his x mark, L.S.
Lemantanquis, (or Black King), his x mark, L.S.
Wabatthoe, his x mark, L.S.
Maghpiway, (or Red Feather), his x mark, L.S.
Kikthawenund, (or Anderson), his x mark, L.S.
Bukongehelas, his x mark, L.S.
Peekeelund, his x mark, L.S.
Wellebawkeelund, his x mark, L.S.
Peekeetelemund, (or Thomas Adams), his x mark, L.S.
Kishkopekund, (or Captain Buffalo), his x mark, L.S.
Amenahehan, (or Captain Crow), his x mark, L.S.
Queshawksey, (or George Washington), his x mark, L.S.
Weywinquis, (or Billy Siscomb), his x mark, L.S.
Moses, his x mark, L.S.
SHAWANOES.
Misquacoonacaw, (or Red Pole), his x mark, L.S.
Cutthewekasaw, (or Black Hoof), his x mark, L.S.
Kaysewaesekah, his x mark, L.S.
Weythapamattha, his x mark, L.S.
Nianysmeka, his x mark, L.S.
Waytheah, (or Long Shanks), his x mark, L.S.
Weyapiersenwaw, (or Blue Jacket), his x mark, L.S.
Nequetaughaw, his x mark, L.S.
Hahgoosekaw, (or Captain Reed), his x mark, L.S.
OTTAWAS.
Augooshaway, his x mark, L.S.
Keenoshameek, his x mark, L.S.
La Malice, his x mark, L.S.
Machiwetah, his x mark, L.S.
Thowonawa, his x mark, L.S.
Secaw, his x mark, L.S.
CHIPPEWAS.
Mashipinashiwish, (or Bad Bird), his x mark, L.S.
Nahshogashe, (from Lake Superior), his x mark, L.S.
Kathawasung, his x mark, L.S.
Masass, his x mark, L.S.
Nemekass, (or Little Thunder), his x mark, L.S.
Peshawkay, (or Young Ox), his x mark, L.S.
Nanguey, his x mark, L.S.
Meenedohgeesogh, his x mark, L.S.
Peewanshemenogh, his x mark, L.S.
Weymegwas, his x mark, L.S.
Gobmaatick, his x mark, L.S.
OTTAWA.
Chegonickska, an Ottawa
from Sandusky,
his x mark, L.S.
PUTAWATIMES OF THE RIVER ST. JOSEPH.
Thupenebu, his x mark, L.S.
Nawac, for himself and brother Etsimethe, his x mark, L.S.
Nenanseka, his x mark, L.S.
Keesass, or Run, his x mark, L.S.
Kabamasaw, for himself and brother Chisaugan, his x mark, L.S.
Sugganunk, his x mark, L.S.
Wapmeme, (or White Pigeon), his x mark, L.S.
Wacheness, for himself and brother Pedagoshok, his x mark, L.S.
Wabshicawnaw, his x mark, L.S.
La Chasse, his x mark, L.S.
Meshegethenogh, for himself and brother, Wawasek, his x mark, L.S.
Hingoswash, his x mark, L.S.
Anewasaw, his x mark, L.S.
Nawbudgh, his x mark, L.S.
Missenogomaw, his x mark, L.S.
Waweegshe, his x mark, L.S.
Thawme, or Le Blanc, his x mark, L.S.
Geeque, for himself and brother Shewinse, his x mark, L.S.
PATAWATAMES OF HURON.
Okia, his x mark, L.S.
Chamung, his x mark, L.S.
Segagewan, his x mark, L.S.
Nanawme, for himself and brother A. Gin, his x mark, L.S.
Marchand, his x mark, L.S.
Wenameac, his x mark, L.S.
MIAMIES.
Nagohquangogh, (or Le Gris), his x mark, L.S.
Meshekunnoghquoh, (or Little Turtle), his x mark, L.S.
MIAMIS AND EEL RIVER.
Peejeewa, (or Richard Ville), his x mark, L.S.
Cochkepoghtogh, his x mark, L.S.
EEL RIVER TRIBE.
Shamekunnesa, (or Soldier), his x mark, L.S.
MIAMIS.
Wapamangwa, (or the White Loon), his x mark, L.S.
WEAS, FOR THEMSELVES AND THE PIANKASHAWS.
Amacunsa, (or Little Beaver), his x mark, L.S.
Acoolatha, (or Little Fox), his x mark, L.S.
Francis, his x mark, L.S.
KICKAPOOS AND KASKASKIAS.
Keeawhah, his x mark, L.S.
Nemighka, (or Josey Renard), his x mark, L.S.
Paikeekanogh, his x mark, L.S.
DELAWARES OF SANDUSKY.
Hawkinpumiska, his x mark, L.S.
Peyamawksey, his x mark, L.S.
Reyntueco, (of the Six Nations, living at Sandusky), his x mark, L.S.
H. De Butts, first A.D.C. and Sec'y to Major Gen.
Wayne,
Wm. H. Harrison, Aid de Camp to Major Gen. Wayne,
T. Lewis, Aid de Camp to Major Gen. Wayne,
James O'Hara, Quartermaster Gen'l.
John Mills, Major of Infantry, and Adj. Gen'l.
Caleb Swan, P.M.T.U.S.
Gen. Demter, Lieut. Artillery,
Vigo, P. Frs.
La Fontaine, Ast. Lasselle, Sworn interpreters.
H. Lasselle,
Wm. Wells, Js.
Beau Bien,
Jacques Lasselle,
David Jones, Chaplain U.S.
S. M. Morins,
Lewis Beaufait,
Bt. Sans Crainte,
R. Lachambre,
Christopher Miller,
Jas. Pepen,
Robert Wilson,
Baties Coutien,
Abraham Williams, his x mark
P. Navarre.
Isaac Zane, his x mark
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